latitudinal diversity gradient explanation

Nature 405: 220-227. Despite of its apparent generality, a growing body of evidence shows that ‘anomalous’ LDG (i.e., inverse or hump-shaped trends) are common among marine organisms along the Southeastern Pacific (SEP) coast. diversity A latitudinal diversity gradient in planktonic marine bacteria Jed A. Fuhrman*†, Joshua A. Steele*, Ian Hewson*, Michael S. Schwalbach*, Mark V. Brown*, Jessica L. Green†‡, and James H. Brown†§ *Wrigley Institute for Environmental Studies and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0371; In 2008, we measured richness and … Latitudinal Gradient The pattern of having lots of species at the equator with diversity dwindling off towards the poles is known as the Latitudinal Diversity Gradient — “latitudinal” meaning how far north or south of the equator, “diversity” meaning the number of species, and “gradient” meaning the transition between high and low. diversity gradients is a corollary latitudinal gradient in species range sizes. Latitudinal r/K selection theory igin and maintenance of the latitudinal diversity gradient (Jablonski et al. While, just as with the latitudinal diversity gradients, the explanations are typically The latitudinal gradient in species diversity is arguably the most universal pattern in global biodiversity: the lower the latitude, the higher the number of species in a given area. Explanations for the latitudinal correlation with species rich- Post-Eocene climate change, niche conservatism, and the ... The latitudinal gradient in species richness is perhaps the most fundamental pattern of biodiversity, yet a satisfactory explanation for its existence remains elusive. For this reason, papers and books dealing exclusively with local diversity, such as Tilman (1982, 1988), Janzen (1987), Hubbell et al. The evolutionary dynamics underlying the latitudinal gradient in biodiversity have been controversial for over a century. Nonetheless, notable exceptions to the general pattern exist, and it is well recognized that patterns may be dependent on characteristics of spatial scale and taxonomic hierarchy. Molecules diffuse from areas of high concentration, to areas of low concentration, down a concentration gradient. The concentration gradient therefore represents the concept that, just as a ball rolls down a slope, during diffusion molecules move down the concentration gradient. probably the first documented geographical pattern in ecology, as well as an explanation for it that differs from some modern explanations only by lacking an evolutionary component. biotic hypotheses contributing to latitudinal diversity gradient. Latitudinal gradients in regional species richness are a commonly observed pattern in diverse taxonomic groups in a range of habitats (e.g., Rosenzweig 1995; Gaston & Blackburn 2000; Hillebrand 2004a).In general, although latitudinal gradients in species richness are clear and their slope is steep at very large spatial scales (e.g., a regional community: Cornell & … A review is given of recent work on latitudinal gradients in species diversity and their explanations, including Rapoport's rule. Latitudinal gradients in species diversity - Wikipedia latitudinal diversity gradient of Neotropical freshwater fish DAYANI BAILLY, 1,5 FERNANDA A. S. CASSEMIRO,2 CARLOS S. AGOSTINHO,3 ELINEIDE E. MARQUES,3 AND ANGELO A. AGOSTINHO 4 1State University of Maringa ´, UEM/PEA/NUPELIA, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Maringa, PR, … given latitudinal band were used to calculate mean extent (Rohde et al. We examined the applicability of three versions of the energy hypothesis, ... developed for plant diversity gradients, offers a parsimonious explanation for bird diversity patterns as well, presumably operating via plant productivity. Description. Gradient level reads the current slope as a percentage. Often used on roads and railroads to indicate the steepness of a grade. Many model railroaders use this while building layouts. Gradient level works in auto mode to read the grade from any of the 6 sides of a device automatically. Abstract The latitudinal gradient of decreasing richness from tropical to extratropical areas is ecology's longest recognized pattern. The latitudinal diversity gradient is the largest scale, and longest known, pattern in ecology. Latitudinal diversity gradients are among the most striking patterns in nature. At high levels of disturbance, due to frequent forest fires or human … gradient 1. no one compelling (consensual) explanation 2. hypothesis not mutually exclusive. Climate is the most often cited explanation of the latitudinal species diversity gradient. - Ecography 22: 593-613. forming inverse latitudinal biodiversity gradients. Poleward declines in the number of species are known for terrestrial, aquatic, coastal marine and pelagic marine biotas, but the explanation for these patterns remains a challenge for theoretical ecology (Gaston 2000). The latitudinal diversity gradient is the largest scale, and longest known, pattern in ecology. Elevational diversity gradient (EDG) is an ecological pattern where biodiversity changes with elevation.The EDG states that species richness tends to increase as elevation increases, up to a certain point, creating a "diversity bulge" at middle elevations. "Rapoport's rule," which has gained wide acceptance as a potential explanation for latitudinal and other diversity gradients, holds that mean latitudinal range of species decreases toward the equator. Read on to learn more about existing hypotheses that attempt to explain why this gradient exists, and how scientists may benefit from considering more than one hypothesis at a… Allen, A. P., and Gillooly, J. F. 2006. The pattern of having lots of species at the equator with diversity dwindling off towards the poles is known as the Latitudinal Diversity Gradient — “latitudinal” meaning how far north or south of the equator, “diversity” meaning the number of species, and “gradient” meaning the transition between high and low. Because γ diversity varies along both latitudinal and elevational gradients, its influence on α and β diversity must be accounted for before any ecological explanations are offered. The latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) is one of Earth’s most iconic biodiversity patterns and still one of the most debated.

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