This page was last changed on 6 August 2020, at 00:47. New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing Co., 1990. This helps prevent heat loss but also makes the walrus appear almost white. [85], Currently, two of the three walrus subspecies are listed as "least-concern" by the IUCN, while the third is "data deficient". [79] Several hundred are removed annually around Greenland. According to the Smithsonian Institution’s Arctic Study Center, a walrus can eat up to 4,000 clams in one feeding. Walrus use their mighty tusks to forage and lift themselves up onto sea ice. II. Male Pacific walrus are slightly larger, with longer tusks. Come with us on an unforgettable journey behind the scenes during a SeaWorld or Busch Gardens Camp. [according to whom? They do not walk with their teeth, but it can look as if they do when they pull themselves out of the water. (ed.). Like other pinnipeds, the fore and hind limbs of a walr… The primary functions of the walruses' prominent tusks seem to be aiding in hauling out on ice and rocky shores and in establishing social dominance. [91], 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T15106A45228501.en, "Use of spectral analysis to test hypotheses on the origin of pinnipeds", "Phylogeny and divergence of the pinnipeds (Carnivora: Mammalia) assessed using a multigene dataset", 10.1671/0272-4634(2006)26[411:ANMOMC]2.0.CO;2, "State of Circumpolar Walrus Populations : Odobenus rosmarus", "A new tuskless walrus from the Miocene of Orange County, California, with comments on the diversity and taxonomy of odobenids". [45][46] There were roughly 200,000 Pacific walruses in 1990. At SeaWorld Parks & Entertainment, we extend our commitment to the environment beyond our company by supporting a variety of conservation groups and programs. They use their rear limbs to propel, while the front limbs work like rudders for steering. It is the sole surviving member of the family Odobenidae, one of three lineages in the suborder Pinnipedia along with true seals (Phocidae) and eared seals (Otariidae). How are walrus whiskers formed during the... What is another selective pressure that produced... Human Anatomy & Physiology: Help and Review, Middle School Life Science: Help and Review, UExcel Anatomy & Physiology: Study Guide & Test Prep, CSET Science Subtest II Life Sciences (217): Practice & Study Guide, AP Environmental Science: Help and Review, Praxis Chemistry (5245): Practice & Study Guide, STAAR Science - Grade 8: Test Prep & Practice, NES General Science (311): Practice & Study Guide, UExcel Science of Nutrition: Study Guide & Test Prep, Middle School Earth Science: Help and Review, NYSTCE Biology (006): Practice and Study Guide, Biological and Biomedical [80] The sustainability of these levels of harvest is difficult to determine given uncertain population estimates and parameters such as fecundity and mortality. Nowak, Ronald M. Thinner pack ice over the Bering Sea has reduced the amount of resting habitat near optimal feeding grounds. [4] They are not particularly deep divers compared to other pinnipeds; their deepest recorded dives are around 80 m (260 ft). As a secondary sexual characteristic, males also acquire significant nodules, called "bosses", particularly around the neck and shoulders. Females will start to breed at 5 years old. They have two small eyes, a mustache and two tusks. In some cases, walruses can appear to be more gray in color,... Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions. Their tusks can also be used to cut holes in the ice. With all their blubber, which can be as much as six inches thick, they are very comfortable in icy water. The walruses that live in the Atlantic Ocean are a little smaller than the ones in the Pacific Ocean. While its size is intimidating size and is a carnivore, this animal is generally not aggressive and prefers to eat small crustaceans and mollusks. The migration between the ice and the beach can be long-distance and dramatic. The diet of the Pacific walrus consist almost exclusively of benthic invertebrates (97 percent). Its second part has also been hypothesized to come from the Old Norse word for "horse". Blubber also streamlines the body and functions as an excess energy reserve. Resources created by teaching professionals. [63][64] Rarely, incidents of walruses preying on seabirds, particularly the Brünnich's guillemot (Uria lomvia), have been documented. Walruses maintain such a high body weight because of the blubber stored underneath their skin. [78], Hunter sitting on dozens of walruses killed for their tusks, 1911, Walrus tusk engraving made by Chukchi artisans depicting polar bears attacking walruses, on display in the Magadan Regional Museum, Magadan, Russia, Trained walrus in captivity at Marineland, Walrus being fed at Skansen in Stockholm, Sweden, 1908, Walrus hunts are regulated by resource managers in Russia, the United States, Canada, and Denmark, and representatives of the respective hunting communities. FAO Species Identification Guide. Our overarching zoological mission is to foster conservation awareness and to impart action on our park guests to preserve wild animals and wild places. This download is exclusively for KidsKonnect Premium members!To download this worksheet, click the button below to signup (it only takes a minute) and you'll be brought right back to this page to start the download! [51][52] In April 2006, the Canadian Species at Risk Act listed the population of the northwestern Atlantic walrus in Quebec, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Newfoundland and Labrador as having been eradicated in Canada. SeaWorld Education Department Publication. From fun and affordable field trips for students to amazing summer adventures, our camps combine education and entertainment in a way that connects people to the sea and sea life like nowhere else. Short fur covers most of their bodies except for their fins. While some outsized Pacific males can weigh as much as 2,000 kg (4,400 lb), most weigh between 800 and 1,700 kg (1,800 and 3,700 lb). To find out more, see our cookie policy. In the poem, the eponymous antiheroes use trickery to consume a great number of oysters. [21], While this was not true of all extinct walruses,[22] the most prominent feature of the living species is its long tusks. When they eat bigger prey such as seals and small whales, they first tear them apart with their tusks to make them easier to eat. [83][84] Analysis of trends in ice cover published in 2012 indicate that Pacific walrus populations are likely to continue to decline for the foreseeable future, and shift further north, but that careful conservation management might be able to limit these effects. In water, walrus can reach 35 km/h, but they prefer a sedate 7 km/h. Walruses have been known to fatally injure polar bears in battles if the latter follows the other into the water, where the bear is at a disadvantage. Both the male and female walrus grow tusks. [15] From there, it presumably recolonized the North Pacific Ocean during high glaciation periods in the Pleistocene via the Central American Seaway. A thick layer of blubber insulates the walrus. [72] However, killer whales have been observed successfully attacking walruses with few or no injuries.[73]. [24] Tusks were once thought to be used to dig out prey from the seabed, but analyses of abrasion patterns on the tusks indicate they are dragged through the sediment while the upper edge of the snout is used for digging. [1] All told, the walrus is the third largest pinniped species, after the two elephant seals. Old males, in particular, become nearly pink. [50] This population was nearly eradicated by commercial harvest; their current numbers, though difficult to estimate, probably remain below 20,000. [49] The Atlantic walrus once ranged south to Sable Island, Nova Scotia, and as late as the 18th century was found in large numbers in the Greater Gulf of St. Lawrence region, sometimes in colonies of up to 7,000 to 8,000 individuals. Link will appear as Walrus Facts & Worksheets: https://kidskonnect.com - KidsKonnect, April 25, 2018. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991. The species name rosmarus is Scandinavian. Powell (Peter Folkens illustrator). [76] The meat, often preserved, is an important winter nutrition source; the flippers are fermented and stored as a delicacy until spring; tusks and bone were historically used for tools, as well as material for handicrafts; the oil was rendered for warmth and light; the tough hide made rope and house and boat coverings; and the intestines and gut linings made waterproof parkas. You can use these worksheets as-is, or edit them using Google Slides to make them more specific to your own student ability levels and curriculum standards. Because skin blood vessels constrict in cold water, the walrus can appear almost white when swimming.
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